在NCAA学生运动员中检查饮食行为和身体检查的性别规范
Stephen M Cirella1, Mark E Hartman1,2, Kathleen S Webster3
1Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, 02881.
Journal of athletic training
|March 10, 2025
概括
团队运动中的女性表现出比男性更高的身体检查行为,挑战了传统观点. 这一发现突显了女性运动员可能被忽视的饮食障碍风险.
科学领域:
- 运动心理学 体育心理学
- 饮食障碍研究 饮食障碍研究
- 身体形象研究 身体形象研究
背景情况:
- 饮食失调和身体形象研究主要集中在瘦身运动中的女性运动员身上.
- 对于体检行为在体育类型和体育状态之间存在的性别差异的理解有限.
- 身体检查是身体不满和饮食失调的已知风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 研究大学生运动员和非运动员在饮食行为和身体检查方面的性别差异.
- 探索基于运动类型 (团队与个人) 和运动状态的变化.
- 为了确定潜在的性别特异性饮食障碍的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 在NCAA Division I大学田径运动中的横截面研究设计.
- 参与者包括259名全日制大学生 (174名学生运动员,85名非运动员).
- 使用EAT-26治疗饮食失调和BCQ/MBCQ治疗身体检查行为.
主要成果:
- 观察到性别的显著多变量主要效应和性别对体育类型的相互作用.
- 团队体育运动中的女性报告的身体检查行为 (MBCQ) 比男性要高得多.
- 女性团队运动运动员的MBCQ得分高于女性非运动员;非运动员的男性得分高于男性运动员.
结论:
- 传统上被认为是男性的身体检查行为,在女性中更为普遍,特别是在团队运动中.
- 由于对身体检查的传统性别观点,目前的评估可能错过了关键的饮食障碍风险因素.
- 这些发现强调了需要细微的方法来预防大学运动员的饮食障碍.
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