对精神分裂症的遗传和家庭咨询:我们现在站在哪里?
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
概括
最近的遗传发现正在改变精神分裂症的护理,将风险评估从家族史转移到个人遗传测试. 这影响了患者及其亲属的遗传和家庭咨询.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症遗传学研究已经取得了重大进展.
- 这些进步需要改变遗传和家庭咨询的提供方式.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于精神分裂症遗传和家庭咨询的当前知识的概述.
- 讨论遗传发现对患者护理和伦理考虑的影响.
主要方法:
- 在 MEDLINE (2011-2015) 和 African Healthline 的文献搜索.
- 使用一个每月的当前警报服务,查看最新的文献.
- 包括精神病学实践中的临床案例示例.
主要成果:
- 遗传风险沟通现在是一个多专业团队的责任.
- 遗传因素很少提供超出其他常见风险预测因素的独特信息.
- 讨论了针对精神分裂症的对比遗传模型 (常见变异/常见疾病,罕见变异/常见疾病).
- 检查了直接向消费者提供DNA测试的作用和相关的伦理问题.
结论:
- 遗传发现要求对精神分裂症遗传和家庭咨询进行深刻的改变.
- 风险评估已经从家族病史转移到个人测试结果.
- 可归因风险对遗传咨询实践有直接影响.
相关概念视频
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