对比式学习使皮层重叠预测能够针对针对性抗体发现
Clinton M Holt1,2,3, Alexis K Janke1,4, Parastoo Amlashi1,4
1Vanderbilt Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|March 10, 2025
概括
使用三种新方法改善了治疗抗体的计算表位预测. 这些方法准确地识别了针对类似表位体的抗体,有助于抗体的发现和开发.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 准确的计算表位预测对于治疗性抗体的开发至关重要,但仍然是一个重大挑战.
- 现有的方法往往缺乏可靠识别针对类似表位的抗体所需的精度.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证新的计算方法,用于从抗体序列预测表位关系.
- 为了提高识别重叠表位抗体对的准确性,用于治疗性抗体的发现.
主要方法:
- 对1800万个抗体对进行分析,以确定CDRH3序列识别值,以预测重叠的表位.
- 为抗体大语言模型 (LLM) 开发一个监督的对比微调框架,以改善表位特异性嵌入.
- 创建了AbLang-PDB,这是一个通用的模型,用于预测跨不同蛋白质家族的重叠表位抗体.
主要成果:
- >70%的CDRH3序列身份值可靠地预测了共享V基因的抗体之间的重叠表位抗体对.
- 在SARS-CoV-2 RBD抗体上进行对比学习,在区分同位素与不同位素对的过程中,获得了82.7%的平衡精度.
- AbLang-PDB在预测重叠表位组对的平均精度上得到了五倍的改进,并且在表位组重叠量化方面具有强烈的相关性 (ρ = 0.81).
- 在HIV-1抗体发现活动中,70%的计算选择候选人显示HIV-1特异性,50%具有竞争性结合性.
结论:
- 提出的计算模型为表位向抗体发现提供了强大的工具.
- 对比性学习显著改善了抗体LLM中的表位表征,促进了治疗性抗体的开发.
- 这些方法有助于识别具有所需表位特异性和结合特征的抗体.
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