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在世卫组织欧洲地区控制艾滋病毒:进展和剩余的挑战

Miłosz Parczewski¹, Deniz Gökengin², Ann Sullivan³

¹Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.

The Lancet regional health. Europe

|March 10, 2025

概括

尽管取得了进展,但在欧洲,超过30%的艾滋病毒感染者具有可传播的病毒水平. 改善艾滋病毒预防 (PrEP) 和治疗的准入,以及打击污名,对于控制至关重要.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
传染病流行病学传染病流行病学
全球健康全球健康

背景情况:

世卫组织欧洲区域在实现2030年艾滋病毒控制目标方面面临挑战,超过30%的艾滋病毒感染者表现出持久的可传播病毒载荷.
虽然口服暴露前预防 (PrEP) 在一些欧洲人口中减少了艾滋病毒的传播,但由于资金和可用性有限,公平的获取仍然是一个重大障碍.
抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 已达到90%以上的病毒抑制率,但测试,晚期诊断和治疗联系的差异仍然存在,特别是在无证移民等弱势群体中.

研究的目的:

审查当前在世卫组织欧洲区域改善艾滋病毒应对措施的障碍和机会.
突出需要公平获得艾滋病毒预防和治疗策略的需要.
确定早期诊断和持续病毒抑制的途径.

主要方法:

本综述综合了有关世卫组织欧洲区域艾滋病毒流行病的现有数据和文献.
它检查了当前艾滋病毒预防和治疗模式的有效性和可访问性.
它分析了障碍,包括晚诊断,治疗差异以及乌克兰战争等社会政治因素的影响.

主要成果:

口服PrEP已经取得了成功,但在许多欧洲国家面临着获取限制.
通过ART实现了高水平的病毒抑制,但在测试,与护理的联系和保留方面仍然存在重大挑战.
耻辱和歧视被认为是主要障碍,特别是在东欧和中亚.
由于乌克兰战争造成的服务中断影响了艾滋病毒感染者的护理.

结论:

实现2030年艾滋病毒控制目标需要解决对PrEP和ART公平获取的持续障碍.
创新的测试策略和打击耻辱是早期诊断和接触关键人群的必要条件.
需要持续努力,以确保该地区所有艾滋病毒感染者的护理和维护病毒抑制.

关键词:

结束艾滋病结束艾滋病艾滋病病毒艾滋病病毒艾滋病病毒移民移民移民污名化是一种耻辱.可持续发展目标可持续发展目标

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