建筑工程中的人体工程学风险评估:案例研究 厄瓜多尔
Oswaldo Tandazo1, Victoria Jaramillo-Carrión1, Eduardo Valarezo2
1Departamento de Producción, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador.
Heliyon
|March 10, 2025
概括
建筑工人面临着重大的人体工程学风险,特别是在干和手臂. 这项研究使用了全身快速评估 (REBA) 方法来识别常见装饰活动中的高风险姿势,突出了提高安全措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 职业健康和安全问题 职业健康和安全问题
- 人体工程学就是人体工程学.
- 建设管理建设管理.
背景情况:
- 人体工程学风险在建筑行业构成了全球性挑战,导致不良健康结果和经济影响.
- 有效的风险评估对于确定工人暴露和制定有针对性的管理策略至关重要.
- 在建筑环境中使用新技术进行人体工程学风险评估的研究非常稀缺.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用Ergo/IBV软件和观察性快速全身评估 (REBA) 方法,评估建筑工人之间的人体工程风险.
- 确定与高人体工程学风险水平相关的特定建筑装修活动.
- 为开发建筑行业改进的人体工程学管理计划提供数据.
主要方法:
- 在2023年5月至11月期间,数据收集涉及14个公共部门建筑项目.
- 确定了32个建筑装修活动,并选择了5个高频率的活动:室内/室外涂装,地板,墙壁/天花板.
- 通过Ergo/IBV软件实施的快速全身评估 (REBA) 方法用于评估这些选定的活动中94名工人的人体风险.
主要成果:
- 评估显示,40%的工人在车中面临高人体工程学风险,而20%和22%的工人分别在右和左臂面临高风险.
- 一个很小的百分比 (2%) 的工人暴露在高风险的腿部.
- 五项选定的活动经常涉及强迫姿势,导致REBA评分分为中等,高和非常高,高风险占主导地位.
结论:
- 常见的建筑装修活动经常涉及强迫姿势,从而提高人体工程学的风险水平.
- 快速全身评估 (REBA) 方法有效地发现了重要的人体工程学风险,特别是影响建筑工人的干和手臂.
- 调查结果强调了针对性干预和改进人体工程学实践的必要性,以减轻建筑行业的健康风险和经济后果.
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