COVID-19 流行病和幼儿园儿童的发育健康
Judith L Perrigo1,2, Jordan Morales2, Nicholas Jackson3
1Department of Social Welfare, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Luskin School of Public Affairs.
JAMA pediatrics
|March 10, 2025
概括
由于COVID-19的流行,美国幼儿园的孩子们的语言,社交和沟通能力受到负面影响. 虽然情绪成熟度有所改善,但这些发现揭示了疫情前后的发展趋势.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行已与儿童的不良发育结果有关,但对幼儿的研究,特别是纵向数据,是有限的.
- 了解大流行对幼儿发展的具体影响对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查COVID-19大流行对美国幼儿园儿童发育健康的影响.
- 利用早期发展仪器 (EDI) 分析疫情爆发前后的发展趋势.
主要方法:
- 一项重复的横截面小组研究分析了来自390个学区的475,740名美国幼儿园的EDI数据 (2010-2023年).
- 发育健康在五个领域进行了评估:身体健康,社会能力,情绪成熟度,语言/认知发展以及沟通/一般知识.
- 对比了流行病前 (2018-2020) 和流行病后 (2021-2023) 的发病队列.
主要成果:
- 流行后发病与语言和认知发展 (-0.45),社会能力 (-0.03),沟通和一般知识 (-0.18) 的变化率明显较低有关.
- 情绪成熟度得分显著增加 (0.05),而身体健康和幸福感没有显著变化.
- 在大流行之前观察到负面的发展趋势,大多数在流行后持续或减缓.
结论:
- COVID-19大流行对幼儿园儿童的发展产生了多种影响,认知,社会和沟通领域的显著下降.
- 这些发现强调了幼儿持续和日益恶化的发育挑战,需要进一步调查潜在原因.
- 干预措施可能需要解决这些关于早期儿童教育环境中的发展轨迹的问题.
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