由于乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原突变导致的主要水友地区以外的诊断挑战
Ruchi Supekar1,2, Jit Sarkar1,2,3, Partha Chakrabarti1,2
1Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India.
Archives of virology
|March 10, 2025
概括
隐藏的乙型肝炎病毒 (OBI) 感染在印度正在上升. 乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) S基因的突变使其能够逃避检测,从而导致健康个体的无声感染.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 隐藏的乙型肝炎病毒感染 (OBI) 是越来越严重的公共卫生问题,特别是在印度东部.
- OBI的特点是存在B型肝炎病毒 (HBV) DNA,而没有可检测的B型肝炎表面抗原 (HBsAg).
研究的目的:
- 从印度东部的OBI患者中识别和表征HBV中的S基因突变.
- 为了研究这些突变对S蛋白检测能力和免疫逃避的体外影响.
主要方法:
- 在印度东部的217名健康献血者中,使用核酸放大测试和血清标记器对HBV感染进行了查.
- 从阳性样本中测序HBV S基因,以确定突变.
- 使用人类肝瘤 (Huh7) 细胞系进行S蛋白变异的体外表征.
主要成果:
- 29个样本对HBVDNA呈阳性,但对HBsAg和抗HBc呈阴性,表明OBI.
- 在S基因中发现了新的 (L173H) 和已知的OBI相关突变,包括与耐药性相关的变异.
- 与野生类型相比,突变S蛋白在免疫测试中显著降低了检测能力,尽管mRNA水平相似,这表明免疫规避.
结论:
- 鉴定的S基因突变有助于免疫逃避,使HBV感染隐藏和无法通过标准免疫测试检测.
- 这些突变解释了血清阴性OBI病例的高患病率,并强调了改善诊断策略的必要性.
相关概念视频
00:36Viral Mutations
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material for adaptive...
01:25Hepatitis
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
01:28Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...