西方玉米根虫对转基因玉米多种Bacillus thuringiensis特征的耐药性的顺序演变
Aaron J Gassmann1, Ben D Brenizer1, Abigail L Kropf1
1Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011.
概括
西方玉米根虫对Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 玉米毒素产生了连续的耐药性. 这破坏了Bt金字塔,导致了大量的作物损害,并强调了需要新的抗药性管理策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 农业昆虫学 农业昆虫学
- 分子昆虫学分子昆虫学
- 虫害管理 虫害管理 虫害管理
背景情况:
- 转基因Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 作物对于控制诸如玉米中的西玉米根虫等昆虫害虫至关重要.
- 在美国,包括非Bt避难所和Bt金字塔在内的耐药性管理策略是强制性的,以延迟害虫耐药性的演变.
- 使用两种Bt毒素的金字塔旨在通过针对多种作用模式的害虫来防止耐药性.
研究的目的:
- 研究西方玉米根虫对玉米中使用的不同Bt毒素的耐药性的顺序演变.
- 评估Bt金字塔对具有先前耐药性的西部玉米根虫种群的现场疗效.
- 为了为Bt作物未来的耐药性管理策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 随着时间的推移,西玉米根虫对Bt玉米毒素的耐药性的元分析.
- 实地试验评估了Bt金字塔在玉米上的西部玉米根虫对作物的损害.
- 分析对不同Bt毒素的连续暴露反应的耐药性演变模式.
主要成果:
- 西方玉米根虫表现出对Cry3Bb1玉米的连续进化耐药性,随后对Gpp34/Tpp35Ab1玉米的耐药性.
- 对每个Bt毒素的耐药性随着时间的推移线性增加.
- 抗Bt的西部玉米根虫对含有Gpp34/Tpp35Ab1和Cry3Bb1金字塔的玉米田造成了重大养损害.
结论:
- 连续的抗性进化损害了Bt金字塔的有效性.
- 在金字塔中对一种Bt毒素的先前耐药性可以加速对第二种毒素的耐药性演变.
- 未来的战略必须优先考虑具有新,不妥协的特征的金字塔,并在存在耐药性时考虑更大的避难所和综合性害虫管理.
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