罕见的致病性结构变体显示出增强非洲男性前列腺癌生殖基因检测的潜力
Tingting Gong1,2, Jue Jiang1, Korawich Uthayopas1
1Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
Nature communications
|March 11, 2025
概括
前列腺癌 (PCa) 的结构变异 (SVs) 不成比例地影响了非洲血统. 这项研究确定了15种致病性SV,强调了在测试指南中需要包含性基因组数据的必要性.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 人口遗传学 人口遗传学
背景情况:
- 前列腺癌 (PCa) 具有很高的遗传性,非洲血统的男性面临更高的风险和致命性.
- 目前的基因组数据缺乏代表性,导致非洲人群被排除在生殖线测试指南之外.
- 结构变异 (SV) 是人类疾病的重要贡献者,包括前列腺癌,但它们在家族和治疗测试中的作用往往被低估.
研究的目的:
- 调查生殖线结构变异 (SVs) 在前列腺癌 (PCa) 致病性中的作用.
- 在非洲和欧洲PCa患者中识别潜在的致病性SVs.
- 评估已识别的SVs在不同人群中用于生殖基因检测的临床实用性.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自113名非洲和57名欧洲PCa患者的深度测序全基因组数据.
- 一个全面的工作流程被用来询问42,966个高质量的生殖系SVs.
- 病原性预测被用来识别具有临床意义的变异.
主要成果:
- 确定了15种潜在的致病性SVs,在12.4%的非洲患者和7.0%的欧洲患者中存在.
- 其中很大一部分患者符合标准护理的生殖线检测建议 (72%的非洲患者,86%的欧洲患者).
- 非洲特有的功能丧失基因候选人包括MLH1,BARD1,FOXP1,WASF1和RB1,涉及DNA修复和瘤抑制.
结论:
- 罕见的结构变异有助于PCa的致病性,并可能解释与非洲相关的差异.
- 这些发现强调了对包容性基因组数据集的关键需求,以完善针对不同人群的生殖线测试指南.
- 这项研究强调了考虑大量罕见变异对于理解PCa风险和指导治疗策略的重要性.
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