基于血液的生物标志物预先查与不同的测试组合和切断值:一项模拟研究,检查阿尔茨海默病预防研究的有效性和成本效益
Kenichiro Sato1,2, Yoshiki Niimi2,3, Ryoko Ihara4
1Department of Neuropathology Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan.
Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)
|March 11, 2025
概括
基于血液的生物标志物 (BBBM) 可以通过减少需要正子发射断层扫描 (PET) 扫描的参与者数量来提高阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 试验招募效率. 然而,BBM预先查可能会降低敏感性,需要根据试验需求和成本制定量身定制的策略.
科学领域:
- 神经科学和神经病学 神经科学和神经病学
- 生物标志物发现发现
- 临床试验设计 临床试验设计
背景情况:
- 基于血液的生物标志物 (BBBMs),如血氨基酸β (Aβ) 和酸化 (p-tau),以及阿波利波蛋白E (APOE) 测试,对于阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 预防研究招募至关重要.
- 这些生物标志物旨在作为化前选工具,在粉样质正子辐射断层扫描 (PET) 之前,以增强参与者选择.
- 预先查的有效性和成本取决于所使用的特定生物标志物组合,测试序列和切断值.
研究的目的:
- 评估阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 预防研究中各种BBBBM预模型的预测性能和成本效益.
- 为了比较14种不同的预选模型,包括APOE基因型和BBBM的组合,具有不同的切断值.
- 确定最佳的预选策略,考虑灵敏度,特异性,正预测值 (PPV) 和每确诊的粉样蛋白阳性病例的成本.
主要方法:
- 在日本试验准备队列 (J-TRC) 研究中,使用了来自202名认知无障碍个体的数据进行了一项模拟研究.
- 参与者接受了粉样蛋白PET,APOE基因定型,并评估了血Aβ42/Aβ40比率,血p-tau217和血p-tau217/Aβ42比率.
- 评估了14种预先查模型的预测性能和成本效益,在不同的测试成本和粉样蛋白阳性流行率下.
主要成果:
- 与没有预先查相比,BBBBM预先查显著增加了特异性和PPV,同时降低了灵敏度.
- 结合血Aβ42 / Aβ40比率和p-tau217的模型显示出平衡的疗效和更高的成本效益,尽管有敏感性权衡.
- 提高的成本效益与更高的PET/BBBM成本比率有关,这与粉样蛋白阳性流行率相反.
结论:
- 最佳的阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 预选策略需要根据特定的试验目标进行调整,平衡敏感性与成本效益.
- 在选择预先查方法时,考虑当地测试成本和人口特征至关重要.
- 没有单一的预选模式是普遍优越的;战略选择取决于不同绩效指标的相对重要性.
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