福利改革对健康的长期影响
Emily C Dore1, Rita Hamad1, Kelli A Komro2
1Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|March 11, 2025
概括
儿童接触福利改革对成年人健康的影响因年龄不同而不同. 早期暴露与更糟糕的结果有关,而晚期暴露显示健康状况有所改善,特别是在少数群体中.
科学领域:
- 社会政策 社会政策 社会政策
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 儿童贫困与成年人不良健康状况有关.
- 社会政策有可能减轻这些影响.
- 20世纪90年代中期颁布的美国福利改革对健康的长期影响在整个生命过程中仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估儿童接触福利制度的长期健康影响.
- 检查福利改革曝光与成人自我评估健康,心理困扰和慢性疾病之间的关联.
- 研究暴露年龄如何影响这些长期健康结果.
主要方法:
- 利用了收入动态小组研究的数据.
- 在实施福利改革方面利用了时间和国家层面的差异.
- 使用回归分析来检查儿童福利改革暴露与成人健康指标之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 儿童早期 (0-5岁) 接触福利改革与成人心理痛苦和慢性疾病的增加有关.
- 儿童后期 (6-18岁) 暴露与自我评估健康状况不佳的可能性较低,心理痛苦减少,慢性疾病较少有关.
- 与非西班牙裔白人相比,非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔个人对儿童后期暴露的这些积极影响更为明显.
结论:
- 暴露于福利改革的年龄显著改变了其长期健康后果.
- 早期儿童暴露可能会产生有害影响,而晚年儿童暴露则显示出有保护性的健康益处.
- 父母满足福利要求的能力可能会调解观察到的健康结果差异,这需要进一步调查潜在机制.
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