评估印度东部特别脆弱的部落群体中乙型肝炎病毒感染,风险因素和免疫
Haimanti Bhattacharya1, Matrujyoti Pattnaik1, Aparajita Swain1,2
1Department of Microbiology & One Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, 751023, India.
乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染在奥迪沙州很普遍.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 部落健康 部落健康
背景情况:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 构成了全球重大健康挑战.
- 特别脆弱的部落群 (PVTG) 经常面临着独特的健康差异.
- 评估土著人口中的HBV流行率和风险因素对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定乙型肝炎表面抗原 (HBsAg) 在奥迪沙的PVTG社区的流行率.
- 在这个人群中识别与HBV感染相关的风险因素.
- 评估乙型肝炎疫苗接种覆盖率和免疫反应.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的调查 (奥迪沙部落家庭健康调查 - OTFHS) 涉及4006名PVTG参与者.
- 分析病毒标记物,包括HBsAg,乙型肝炎e抗原 (HBeAg),病毒载量和肝功能测试.
- 评估儿童的疫苗接种状况和抗HBs抗体标位.
主要成果:
- 总的HBsAg患病率为5.73%,库提亚洪德部落的患病率最高 (17.85%).
- 在0-36个月的儿童中,B型肝炎疫苗的覆盖率为91%,平均抗HBs titre为142.56mIU/ml.
- 纹身和穿刺与更高的HBsAg阳性相关;肝功能异常与HBeAg阳性和高病毒载荷相关.
结论:
- 严重的HBV流行需要在奥迪沙的PVTG人口中采取紧急的公共卫生战略.
- 风险因素管理,健康教育和定期监测/治疗至关重要.
- 疫苗接种率高表明疾病控制的潜力,但持续监测至关重要.
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