介质细胞干细胞衍生的细胞外囊通过调节微质葡萄糖代谢重编程和通过PD-1/PD-L1相互作用的神经炎症来缓解自闭症
Qian Qin1, Linlin Fan1, Xin Zeng1
1Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
Journal of nanobiotechnology
|March 12, 2025
概括
介质干细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡 (MSC-EVs) 通过向PD-1/PD-L1通路,减少神经炎症和大脑中的异常糖解,减少了类似自闭症的行为.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 神经炎症是一种神经炎症.
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 病理生理学
背景情况:
- 神经炎症和微质代谢重编程 (糖解) 是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的关键特征.
- 编程细胞死亡蛋白1 (PD-1) 免疫检查点在ASD中的作用尚不清楚.
- 介质干细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡 (MSC-EVs) 在神经疾病中表现出免疫调节作用.
研究的目的:
- 在ASD小鼠模型中研究MSC-EVs的免疫调节作用.
- 探索PD-1/PD-L1轴在MSC-EV对ASD神经炎症和代谢功能障碍的治疗作用中的作用.
- 阐明MSC-EVs改善自闭症类行为所涉及的潜在分子途径.
主要方法:
- 利用母体免疫激活 (MIA) 鼠标模型来模仿ASD相关的神经炎症和代谢变化.
- 通过鼻内输送给成年MIA后代的携带PD-L1的MSC-EV.
- 评估了类似自闭症的行为,前额叶皮层 (PFC) 神经炎症,微质糖解以及PD-1/ERK/HIF-1α通路.
- 使用药理阻断和PD-1和PD-L1的基因抑制来确认途径的参与.
主要成果:
- 在MIA小鼠中,葡萄糖分解,神经炎症升高,微质中PD-1表达升高.
- 在MIA小鼠中,MSC-EV治疗显著缓解了类似自闭症的行为,减少了糖解,并抑制了神经炎症.
- MSC-EVs的作用通过PD-L1/PD-1轴进行介导,抑制微质中的ERK/HIF-1α通路.
- 阻止PD-1或PD-L1降低了MSC-EV的治疗效益,并加剧了微质功能障碍和类似自闭症的行为.
结论:
- MSC-EVs具有显著的免疫调节能力,可以重编程微质代谢,并减少ASD中的神经炎症.
- 通过MSC-EVs激活PD-L1/PD-1轴是改善自闭症类行为的一个关键机制.
- 这项研究揭示了针对ASD中微质代谢重编程和神经炎症的新型治疗策略.
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