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软件模拟紧急疏散,并在医院大楼提供纠正措施
Mohammad Reza Fallah Ghanbari1, Katayoun Jahangiri2, Sanaz Sohrabizadeh3
1Health in Disasters and Emergencies Department, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4134-2010.
Journal of emergency management (Weston, Mass.)
|March 12, 2025
概括
医院的紧急疏散非常复杂. 修改出口尺寸大大减少了46%的疏散时间,提高了所有乘客的安全,包括那些需要帮助的人.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健设施的设计
- 应急管理 应急管理
- 建筑安全工程 建筑安全工程
背景情况:
- 医院紧急疏散由于居住者需求的多样性而带来了独特的挑战.
- 目前的医院设计可能存在固有的缺陷,妨碍有效的紧急出口.
- 模拟研究对于识别和纠正这些退出问题至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别医院楼梯和出口门的缺陷.
- 提出设计修改,以改善紧急疏散.
- 评估这些修改对疏散效率的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用Pathfinder软件在教学医院进行疏散模拟.
- 涉及地图和模型准备,现场研究和疏散模拟.
- 实施和评估楼梯和出口门的设计修改.
主要成果:
- 无助疏散需要129.7秒;辅助疏散增加了五倍 (733.3秒) 的时间.
- 走廊障碍阻止了完全疏散,导致36%的乘客未被疏散.
- 修改出口尺寸 (宽度/面积增加58.6%) 将疏散时间减少46%.
结论:
- 修改通道显著提高了紧急疏散过程.
- 优化出口尺寸对于减少疏散时间至关重要.
- 设计调整可以在紧急情况下提高医院的安全性,而无需进行重大结构性改变.
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