揭示印度的癌症流行病:一GLOBOCAN 2022和过去的模式
Khushwant Singh1, Ashoo Grover1, Kavitha Dhanasekaran1
1Division of Implementation Research, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Headquarters, New Delhi, 110029, India.
The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia
|March 12, 2025
概括
印度的癌症发病率和死亡率很高,老年人承担了最高的负担. 预测表明,未来的癌症景观正在恶化,尤其是女性,需要紧急的公共卫生干预措施.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球癌症观测站 (GLOBOCAN) 2022年数据确定癌症是全球主要的健康问题.
- 印度面临着巨大的癌症负担,在东南亚地区的癌症发病率排名第三,死亡率排名第二.
- 癌症风险随着年龄的增长而升级,不成比例地影响老年人群.
研究的目的:
- 分析印度目前的不同年龄组的癌症负担.
- 为了确定癌症诊断和死亡率的人口水平风险.
- 根据历史死亡率模式,预测未来的癌症趋势.
主要方法:
- 一个全面的回顾性,使用GLOBOCAN 2022数据进行的横截面研究.
- 分析了36种癌症类型,按性别和四个年龄组分层 (儿童,生殖,中年,老年).
- 使用Joinpoint回归来确定年度百分比变化 (APC) 的死亡率模式分析 (2000-2022年).
主要成果:
- 五种最常见的癌症占印度癌症负担的44%.
- 女性的总发病率 (104.5) 和死亡率 (64.2) 比男性 (91.5和62.2) 高.
- 中年和老年人群承受着最高的癌症负担 (70%),原始率显著上升.
- 癌症死亡率在女性 (1.2-4.4% APC) 中比男性 (1.2-2.4% APC) 增加得更快,预计将继续增加.
结论:
- 印度面临严重的癌症流行,大约有五分之三的人死于这种疾病.
- 年龄较小的年龄组 (儿童,生殖) 的癌症风险最低,而中年和老年人群体的癌症风险最高.
- 印度人口老龄化表明,未来的癌症负担将是前所未有的,可能会因持续的流行病而加剧.
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