人工智能和机器学习:对它们在产科和助产中的作用进行了最新的系统审查
Paraskevi Giaxi1, Victoria Vivilaki1, Angeliki Sarella1
1Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Caring Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC.
Cureus
|March 12, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 在产科和助产中显示出高准确度,改善了诊断和风险评估等领域. 这些技术很快将在产妇和新生儿护理中得到广泛采用.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 孕产妇和胎儿医学 孕产妇和胎儿医学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 正在快速发展,在产科和助产中呈现出重大机遇.
- 整合AI/ML有望提高诊断能力,风险预测和在孕产妇医疗保健中的患者监测.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估人工智能和机器学习应用的最新进展,特别是在产科和助产中.
- 综合有关AI/ML工具在各种产科和助产领域的准确性和影响的发现.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science进行了系统的文献搜索,查找2022年1月至2025年2月期间发表的研究.
- 选择了专注于产科和助产士AI/ML的研究,遵循系统审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 准则的首选报告项目,但不包括非英语和评论文章.
- 总共有64项相关研究被纳入最终分析.
主要成果:
- 人工智能和机器学习模型在辅助生殖,诊断成像 (3D/4D超声波,MRI) 和怀孕风险评估 (孕前,妊娠糖尿病,早产) 中表现出高准确度.
- 还强调了对胎儿监测,出生方式预测和改善产周结局 (降低死亡率,产后出血,高血压疾病,新生儿呼吸困扰) 的应用.
- 审查的研究始终报告了归因于AI和ML干预措施的显著改善.
结论:
- 人工智能和机器学习具有巨大的潜力,可以彻底改变产科和助产护理,提高孕产妇和新生儿的健康结果.
- 越来越多的研究表明显著改善表明,在这些领域广泛实施AI和ML是迫在眉的.
- 有效的整合需要临床医生,数据科学家和政策制定者之间强有力的跨学科合作,以指导母亲和新生儿医疗保健的未来.
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