听觉记忆和注意力的不同权重作为双语者在噪音中的语音感知中的认知资源
Najmeh Mosharaf Dehkordi1, Mohanna Javanbakht2, Mohsen Vahedi3
1Department of Audiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
概括
双语者在语音噪音和听觉工作记忆任务的表现更差,但在听觉注意力方面表现更好. 听觉注意力和工作记忆等认知技能对双语者在噪音中的语音感知有重大影响.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 语音感知 语音感知
背景情况:
- 在噪音中理解语音依赖于感官和认知功能,包括听觉注意力和记忆力.
- 双语者和单语者表现出不同的认知特征,可能会影响语音噪音感知.
研究的目的:
- 研究认知技能 (听觉注意力,工作记忆) 和语音噪音感知之间的关系.
- 在这些认知指标和语音噪音表现上,比较土耳其 - 波斯双语者与波斯单语者.
主要方法:
- 参与者:45名土耳其-波斯双语者和45名波斯单语者 (年龄在18-25岁之间,听力正常).
- 进行的测试:语音噪音,听觉工作记忆 (n-back) 和听觉注意力.
- 统计分析:比较分析和线性回归建模.
主要成果:
- 与单语者相比,双语者在快速语音噪音和听觉工作记忆测试中表现明显差 (p < 0.05).
- 双语者在听觉注意力测试中表现优异 (p < 0.05).
- 在双语者中,听觉工作记忆,听觉注意力和对噪音的言语感知之间发现了显著的相关性.
结论:
- 认知因素,特别是听觉注意力和工作记忆,对双语个体在噪音中的语音感知有不同的影响.
- 一个预测模型表明,听觉注意力和工作记忆解释了双语者 (P = 0.008) 噪音中的语音感知得分20%的差异.
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