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相关概念视频

Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

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In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

7.5K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.5K
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

5.9K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

43.3K
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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相关实验视频

Updated: May 23, 2025

Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA
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Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA

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:mRNA的潜在传递系统.

Huiting Liang1, Yun Xing2, Kexin Wang3

  • 1Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518118 China yapi_zhang@163.com.

RSC chemical biology
|March 12, 2025
PubMed
概括

载体在传递信使RNA (mRNA) 疗法方面表现有前途,克服了稳定性和细胞进入方面的挑战. 本综述分析了基于的系统,以改善mRNA药物开发.

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Peptide-derived Method to Transport Genes and Proteins Across Cellular and Organellar Barriers in Plants

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Efficient Transfection of In vitro Transcribed mRNA in Cultured Cells Using Peptide-Poloxamine Nanoparticles
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Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA
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科学领域:

  • 生物技术是生物技术.
  • 药物运输 药物运输 药物运输
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 使者RNA (mRNA) 疗法具有广泛的应用,包括蛋白质替代,基因编辑和疫苗.
  • 在mRNA疗法开发中的关键挑战包括增强稳定性,转化效率和降低免疫性.
  • 有效和安全地将mRNA输入目标细胞是由于其分子大小和电子负性而造成的关键瓶.

研究的目的:

  • 系统地分析基于的mRNA输送系统.
  • 探索酸mRNA载体的构建策略和作用机制.
  • 确定用于mRNA药物开发的载体应用的局限性和挑战.

主要方法:

  • 对基于的mRNA输送系统的现有文献的审查.
  • 对纳米载体策略的分析,专注于.
  • 检查细胞透性,生物相容性和载体的制备方便性.

主要成果:

  • 具有很高的细胞膜透性和良好的生物相容性,使它们成为有希望的mRNA载体.
  • 目前正在探索各种基于的策略,以构建有效的mRNA传递系统.
  • 在优化载体设计以实现有效和安全的mRNA输送方面仍然存在挑战.

结论:

  • 载体为克服当前mRNA传递挑战提供了一个可行的策略.
  • 对载体的进一步研究和优化对于推进基于mRNA的治疗方法至关重要.
  • 本综述旨在指导载体在未来mRNA药物开发中的设计和应用.