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较少发生反应的全细胞 pertussis 疫苗可以保护人免受 Bordetella pertussis 感染
Karolína Škopová1, Jana Holubová1, Barbora Bočková1
1Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.
mSphere
|March 12, 2025
概括
新的全细胞 pertussis 疫苗 (wP) 经过基因改造,以减少反应性,同时保持对 Bordetella pertussis 的保护. 这些改进的wP疫苗为非细胞疫苗提供了有希望的替代方案,解决了百日咳的复苏问题.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 无细胞性百日咳疫苗 (aP) 已导致百日咳的复苏,因为它们在预防鼻殖民和传播方面的有效性有限.
- 传统的全细胞百日咳疫苗 (wP) 具有更强的反应性,但会诱导更广泛的免疫力,包括Th1/Th17反应,这对于清除Bordetella百日咳至关重要.
- 迫切需要改进的WP疫苗,在减少不良反应的同时保持保护性有效性.
研究的目的:
- 为了减少反应性,在wP疫苗生产中使用的Bordetella pertussis菌株进行基因改造.
- 评估这些修改后的wP疫苗的安全性和免疫性.
- 评估修改后的wP疫苗对B. pertussis感染的保护疗效.
主要方法:
- 对B.百日咳疫苗菌株的基因改造,以减少TLR4信号传递 (ΔlgmB),消除百日咳毒素活性 (PtxS1-R9K/E129G),并抑制皮肤毒素的产生 (Δdnt).
- 制备经过修改和未经修改的菌株的试验性含辅助的wP疫苗.
- 在子中测试热性和在小鼠中测试系统性毒性.
- 在小鼠模型中评估对B. pertussis感染的保护.
主要成果:
- 与未经修改的wP相比,三次修改的wP疫苗在子中显示出较低的 pyrogenicity,在小鼠中显示出较低的系统毒性.
- 在小鼠模型中,经过修改的wP疫苗与未经修改的wP疫苗在B. pertussis感染方面提供了相似的保护.
- 随后的研究在非人类灵长类模型 (橄) 中证实了这些发现.
结论:
- 用于wP疫苗制备的B. pertussis的遗传解毒可以显著降低反应性,而不会影响免疫性或保护性.
- 这些修改后的wP疫苗代表了有希望的下一代百日咳疫苗,有可能解决疫苗诱导的免疫力和百日咳复苏所带来的当前挑战.
- 这些发现为开发更安全,更有效的百日咳疫苗铺平了道路.
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