在选举结果中侵犯隐私的行为.
Shiro Kuriwaki1, Jeffrey B Lewis2, Michael Morse3
1Department of Political Science and Institution for Social and Policy Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Science advances
|March 12, 2025
概括
在选举后公布个别选票记录带来了投票披露的最小风险,隐私问题主要影响临时或仅联邦选票. 目前的汇总报告实践提供了比完全披露更好的选民隐私.
科学领域:
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
- 信息安全 信息安全
背景情况:
- 关于在选举后公布匿名选票是否提高了透明度或损害了选票的保密性存在争议.
- 政策制定者考虑公开披露,以解决公众对选举诚信的不信任.
- 人们担心将选票与选民联系在一起可能会破坏秘密投票的原则.
研究的目的:
- 引入和定义"投票揭露"的概念,将匿名投票与选民身份联系起来.
- 分析投票揭露可能发生的理论机制.
- 量化与公布个人投票记录和汇总数据相关的隐私风险.
主要方法:
- 亚利桑那州马里科帕县2020年大选的案例研究分析.
- 在不同数据发布场景下建模投票披露的可能性.
- 个人投票记录发布与当前汇总报告实践的比较.
主要成果:
- 释放个别投票记录将导致99.83%的选民没有投票披露.
- 马里科帕县目前的综合报告保护选民隐私略有更好 (99.95%没有透露).
- 投票披露风险集中在使用临时或仅联邦选票的选民中.
结论:
- 对于绝大多数选民来说,公布个人投票记录的投票揭露风险是最小的.
- 在选举透明度和选民隐私之间存在一种权衡,这在所有报告方法中都是固有的.
- 有针对性的补救措施可以减轻特定选民群体的隐私侵犯,平衡透明度目标.
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