在手语处理中的功能和结构大脑不对称性
Patrick C Trettenbrein1, Emiliano Zaccarella2, Angela D Friederici2
1Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; International Max Planck Research School on Neuroscience of Communication: Structure, Function, and Plasticity (IMPRS NeuroCom), Leipzig, Germany; Experimental Sign Language Laboratory (SignLab), Department of German Philology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
大脑中的手语处理在很大程度上反映了口语,左半球占主导地位. 然而,右半球在处理手语特征方面发挥着独特的作用,突出显示了大脑的可塑性.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 神经生物学 神经生物学 神经生物学
背景情况:
- 语言是一种定义人类特征,不仅限于言语.
- 手语是聋人社区使用的自然语言,依赖于视觉手势模式.
- 神经成像研究调查了手势语言的大脑基础.
研究的目的:
- 审查手语处理的神经基质.
- 在手语中检查功能和结构性大脑组织.
- 将手语处理与大脑中的口语/书面语言进行比较.
主要方法:
- 对神经成像研究结果的审查.
- 功能和结构大脑组织的分析.
- 左半球与右半球参与手语的比较.
主要成果:
- 手语处理主要是左侧化,类似于口语.
- 右半球表现出同潜力,并支持独特的签名模式构造.
- 左半球的核心语言网络对于复杂的语法至关重要,独立于模式.
结论:
- 人类大脑在语言处理方面表现出了显著的可塑性.
- 左半球核心语言网络对于复杂的语法至关重要,这表明它具有进化意义.
- 了解手语神经基础,可以了解人类语言能力的演变.
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