土壤和水污染与心血管疾病之间的联系
Thomas Münzel1, Marin Kuntic2, Jos Lelieveld3
1University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Cardiology at the Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Cardiovascular Research Center (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany.
土壤和水污染威胁全球健康,每年导致数百万人死于诸如心血管疾病 (CVD) 等疾病. 缓解策略和污染控制对生态系统和公共健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 土壤和水污染对全球健康构成重大风险,影响生物多样性和生态系统服务.
- 退化土壤影响了数十亿人,而水资源紧张影响了20多亿人.
- 污染是导致疾病的主要环境原因,每年导致超过900万例过早死亡.
研究的目的:
- 突出土壤和水污染对健康造成的严重后果,重点关注非传染性疾病 (NCD).
- 检查各种土壤污染物的来源和影响,包括重金属,化学品和微塑料.
- 审查减缓战略和政策干预措施,以减少污染及其对健康的影响.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和综合现有关于土壤/水污染和健康结果的研究.
- 分析污染物类型,来源 (工业,农业,废物) 和它们的毒理影响.
- 审查城市化和气候变化对污染和退化的影响.
主要成果:
- 土壤污染物如重金属,农药和塑料诱导氧化应激,炎症和荷尔蒙干扰,增加非传染性疾病和心血管疾病 (CVD) 的风险.
- 新兴污染物,如微型和纳米塑料,通过细胞损伤和心血管功能障碍加剧健康风险.
- 城市化和气候变化加剧土壤退化和污染,威胁生态系统和人类健康.
结论:
- 解决土壤和水污染问题对于打击NCD,特别是CVD的全球负担至关重要.
- 有效的缓解需要减少化学物质暴露,采用可持续的土地利用,并实施更严格的污染控制.
- 污染是可以预防的,像欧盟的零污染愿景这样的政策表明了通往更安全的环境和改善公共卫生的途径.
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