饮食,血葡萄糖和脊椎动物癌症患病率之间的关系
Stefania E Kapsetaki1,2,3,4,5, Anthony J Basile6,7,8, Zachary T Compton9,10,11
1Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. std534260@ac.eap.gr.
Nature communications
|March 13, 2025
概括
与其他脊椎动物相比,鸟类的血糖水平较高,癌症发病率较低. 这项研究在鸟类,哺乳动物或爬行动物群体中没有发现葡萄糖和癌症之间的直接联系,这表明鸟类具有独特的适应性.
科学领域:
- 比较生理学比较生理学
- 脊椎动物瘤学 脊椎动物瘤学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
背景情况:
- 与其他脊椎动物相比,鸟类的血葡萄糖度较高,癌症患病率较低.
- 葡萄糖和癌症之间的反向关系可能是特定于群体间的比较,而不是群体内部的动态.
- 饮食影响血糖,饮食习惯 (食肉动物与食草动物) 与癌症风险有关.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究血葡萄糖度和脊椎动物物种癌症患病率之间的相关性.
- 为了检查饮食和脊椎动物的血葡萄糖度之间的关系.
- 探索潜在的机制,导致鸟类癌症发病率降低.
主要方法:
- 从现有的饮食数据库收集数据,对273种脊椎动物的饮食,平均血葡萄糖度和瘤的数据.
- 统计分析以评估血葡萄糖,癌症患病率和脊椎动物和特定群体 (鸟类,哺乳动物,爬行动物) 中的饮食之间的相关性.
- 在比较食肉动物和食草动物时,控制诸如化等混因素.
主要成果:
- 在所有脊椎动物中,平均血葡萄糖度和癌症患病率之间观察到负相关性,主要是由鸟类,哺乳动物和爬行动物之间的差异驱动的.
- 在脊椎动物的平均血葡萄糖度和饮食之间没有发现显著的相关性.
- 在鸟类,哺乳动物和爬行动物中,平均血葡萄糖度与癌症患病率没有相关性;然而,主要食肉动物的癌症患病率高于食草动物.
- 一个假设的机制表明,鸟类进化下调胰岛素介导的葡萄糖进口可能有助于降低癌症发病率.
结论:
- 血葡萄糖和癌症患病率之间的反向关系主要归因于群体间的差异,特别是鸟类独特的生理学.
- 饮食因素和血葡萄糖水平在脊椎动物之间与癌症患病率没有直接关联.
- 葡萄糖代谢中的进化适应,例如鸟类的进化适应,可能在抗癌性方面发挥关键作用.
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