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相关概念视频

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.0K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

1.9K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
1.9K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

7.7K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
7.7K
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

2.4K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
2.4K
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

2.2K
The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
2.2K
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

2.6K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
2.6K

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 22, 2025

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation
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来自乙烯/烯胺共聚合的功能化聚乙烯.

Shu-Yang Yu1, Xiao-Yan Wang1, Xiu-Li Sun1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Nature communications
|March 13, 2025
PubMed
概括

这项研究引入了一种新型的双核催化剂,通过乙烯和烯胺共聚合合成蓝色功能化聚乙烯,实现高活性并克服催化剂中毒挑战.

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 有机金属催化工艺
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • 通过协调共聚合合成功能聚乙烯是有吸引力的,但由于功能组的催化剂中毒而具有挑战性.
  • 现有的功能化聚乙烯合成方法,如乙烯/烯酸共聚合,其活性较低,通常依赖催化.
  • 功能组与催化剂的兼容性仍然是聚烯合成中的一个重大障碍.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种高度活跃和强大的催化系统,用于合成色功能化聚乙烯.
  • 为了克服与传统方法相关的催化剂中毒问题.
  • 阐明聚合机制以改善催化剂设计.

主要方法:

  • 使用双核催化剂进行乙烯/烯胺共聚合.
  • 进行了广泛的聚合物表征,包括NMR和GPC.
  • 进行了包括控制实验,标签和计算研究在内的机械研究.

主要成果:

  • 在乙烯/烯胺共聚合过程中获得高活性 (4.1 × 10^6 g/mol cat·h),产生>99%的蓝功能化聚乙烯.
  • 在催化过程中证实了胺的显著链转移和现场转化为酸组.
  • 证明双核Ni催化剂系统可以绕过催化剂中毒.

结论:

  • 开发的双核Ni催化剂使色功能化聚乙烯的高效合成成为可能.
  • 提出并支持了一种以异构化为媒介的链转移聚合 (ICTP) 途径,涉及胺转化为酸和催化剂再生.
  • 这种方法为生产具有增强性质的功能性聚烯提供了一个有前途的替代方案.