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跨年龄组的饮食习惯和运动偏好的性别差异:一个横截面研究
Stefania Gorini1,2, Elisabetta Camajani1,2, Edda Cava3
1Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Rome, 00166, Italy.
Journal of translational medicine
|March 13, 2025
概括
男人和女人表现出不同的饮食,身体活动和身体组成模式,这些模式随着年龄的增长而改变. 公共卫生倡议必须解决这些性别特异性差异,以改善健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 饮食,体力活动和身体成分的性别差异显著影响健康和疾病风险.
- 虽然性别差异已知,但与年龄相关的差异需要进一步探索.
- 了解这些模式对于制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同年龄组的饮食行为,运动偏好和身体组成的性别特异性模式.
- 为制定量身定制的公共卫生战略提供证据.
- 分析生活方式因素在性别之间以及整个寿命之间如何变化.
主要方法:
- 这是一项涉及2276名年龄在18-75岁之间的成年人 (1349名女性,927名男性) 的横截面研究.
- 通过在线调查和临床评估收集的数据,包括生物电阻分析 (BIA) 用于身体组成和饮食习惯的食物日记.
- 使用千平方和t测试来确定五个年龄组的性别差异的统计分析.
主要成果:
- 男人表现出更高的肌肉质量和基本代谢率;女性在所有年龄段都有更高的脂肪质量.
- 男人更喜欢的,富含蛋白质的食物,更多地饮酒,更经常跳过饭.
- 女性更喜欢糖果,吃得更经常,在老年人群中更有可能独自用餐;在30-39岁年龄段出现了明显的体育偏好.
结论:
- 饮食,生活方式和身体组成的性别差异随着年龄的增长而演变.
- 公共卫生战略必须以性别为特征,以促进更健康的生活方式和减少健康不平等.
- 建议进行纵向研究以确定因果关系.
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