在佛罗里达州的一项注射器服务计划中,匿名选择退出HIV和C型肝炎查
Heather Henderson1,2, Jason Wilson3,4,5, Bernice McCoy3
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA. heather42@usf.edu.
Harm reduction journal
|March 13, 2025
概括
在注射器服务计划 (SSP) 中实施选择性HIV和C型肝炎 (HCV) 查显著增加了测试参与率. 这种方法使查正常化,减少疾病传播,并促进高风险人群的早期检测.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 减少伤害 减少伤害
背景情况:
- 注射器服务计划 (SSP) 传统上使用选择性HIV和C型肝炎 (HCV) 测试,往往导致低参与率.
- 佛罗里达州的监管环境,特别是传染病消除法案,需要在SSP中探索有效的查模型.
- 耻辱和低参与度可能会阻碍脆弱人群的传染病查工作.
研究的目的:
- 评估佛罗里达州一家SSP实施的选择退出HIV和HCV查模型的有效性.
- 评估从选择加入到选择退出测试策略的过渡对参与率和疾病检测的影响.
- 证明选择退出查作为SSP设置中的公共卫生干预措施的可扩展性.
主要方法:
- 在SSP设置中,从选择加入到选择退出的HIV和HCV查协议进行过渡.
- 在标准参与者护理中进行综合的例行,匿名和自愿测试.
- 在新招生人群中监测了检测采用率,选择退出率和艾滋病毒和HCV的阳性.
主要成果:
- 参与率保持高,只有3%的新入学者选择不参加测试.
- 近3000个HIV和HCV测试进行,确定显著的阳性血清率 (HIV为3.8%,HCV为54%).
- 选择退出模式促进了疾病的早期检测和与护理的联系,有助于减少传播.
结论:
- 选择退出HIV和HCV查是一种高度有效的策略,可以提高SSP的测试采用率.
- 这种模式使传染病查正常化,减少耻辱,并支持公共卫生目标.
- 选择退出查为全国各地的SSP提供了一个可扩展的框架,以打击艾滋病毒和HCV传播.
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