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在荷尔斯坦牛的弹性指标的遗传评估

Eva Kašná¹, Ludmila Zavadilová¹, Jan Vařeka²

¹Institute of Animal Science, 10400 Prague, Czech Republic.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

|March 13, 2025

概括

这项研究使用每日牛奶产量数据分析了奶牛的弹性. 弹性指标与基因相关,显示与荷尔斯坦牛的生产,组成,生育能力和健康特征的联系.

科学领域:

动物科学动物科学
遗传学是一个遗传学.
乳制品生产乳制品生产

背景情况:

评估奶牛的弹性对于可持续农业至关重要.
每日牛奶产量偏差可以表明适应环境变化的能力.
基因组评估提供了关于弹性特征的遗传相关性的见解.

研究的目的:

用每日牛奶产量数据分析荷尔斯坦牛的弹性指标.
估计复原性指标之间的遗传性和遗传相关性.
调查弹性,生产,组成,生育能力和健康特征之间的遗传关系.

主要方法:

在10个农场 (2022-2024) 中,从3080头荷尔斯坦奶牛获得的每日牛奶产量.
使用随机回归与莱根德多项式来预测哺乳期曲线.
应用单步基因组最好的线性无偏预测 (ssGBLUP) 用36,839个SNP进行基因组评估.

主要成果:

对于弹性指标,发现了低遗传率估计 (0.02-0.13).
在基于变异的指标 (LnVar,Var) 之间以及自相关性和斜率 (r-auto,skew) 之间观察到强烈的遗传相关性.
弹性指标与牛奶产量有负相关性,但与脂肪和蛋白质含量有正相关性;与生育能力和健康的关联大多是有利的.

结论:

乳牛的弹性指标是遗传的,虽然低.
遗传相关性表明,高牛奶产量与弹性之间的权衡.
这些发现为通过基因组评估选择弹性奶牛提供了基础.

关键词:

乳牛牛奶牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛基因组选择基因组选择恢复力恢复力一步式基因组预测

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