相关实验视频
Updated: May 22, 2025
07:23
Improved Rodent Model of Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury
Published on: March 7, 2022
5.7K
肠道微生物代谢物在缺血性和非缺血性心力衰竭中的作用
Mohammad Reza Hatamnejad1, Lejla Medzikovic1, Ateyeh Dehghanitafti1
1Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, BH-550 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7115, USA.
International journal of molecular sciences
|March 13, 2025
概括
肠道微生物群通过TMAO和SCFA等代谢物影响心脏健康. 调节肠道细菌为心力衰竭 (HF) 提供了新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 微生物学和心血管医学
- 肠心轴研究研究研究
- 心脏衰竭中的代谢学.
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群的影响超越了胃肠道,影响到遥远的器官,尤其是心血管系统.
- 新兴研究强调了心脏和肠道微生物群落之间的重要关系.
- 肠道微生物分泌各种代谢物,包括三甲基胺N-氧化物 (TMAO),短链脂肪酸 (SCFA),胆酸 (BA),烯酸 (IPA),硫化 (H2S) 和甲基胺 (PAGln).
研究的目的:
- 审查关于肠道微生物群分泌的代谢物在缺血性和非缺血性心力衰竭 (HF) 病理生理学的作用的累积证据.
- 从临床研究和实验模型中总结有关这些代谢物的对心脏功能的影响的当前知识.
主要方法:
- 审查当前的临床研究和实验模型.
- 分析特定肠道微生物群代谢物在心力衰竭中的病理生理作用.
- 探索针对肠道微生物群的潜在治疗干预措施.
主要成果:
- 高的TMAO有助于非缺血性HF (通过缩,纤维化,线粒体功能障碍) 和缺血性HF (通过炎症,血栓,胆固醇积累).
- 减少的SCFA与非缺血性HF有关,而改变的BA则会加剧缺血性和非缺血性HF.
- IPA和H2S对非缺血性HF具有保护作用,PAGln对肌细胞收缩产生影响.
结论:
- 肠道微生物群的代谢物在心力衰竭的发展和进展中起着至关重要的作用.
- 通过饮食,益生菌,益生菌或便微生物移植等干预措施恢复肠道微生物平衡,为心力衰竭提供了有希望的治疗途径.
- 关键代谢物 (TMAO,SCFAs,BA,IPA,H2S,PAGln) 的循环水平正常化是治疗心力衰竭的一个潜在策略.
相关概念视频
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
1.4K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.4K
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
356
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
356
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents
481
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
481
01:29Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance
499
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
499
01:22Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers
300
β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
300
01:22Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics
313
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
313