弥合城市社区基础老年人基本护理的可访问性差距:在中国西安市验证的一项全面框架
Yuyuan Zhang1, Ming Zhou1, Jinrong Hu2
1School of Public Administration, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
Frontiers in public health
|March 13, 2025
概括
一个新的框架评估了城市老年人护理的可访问性,确定了负担能力和心理支持方面的差距. 这项研究提供了改善老龄人口护理服务的策略.
科学领域:
- 老年学与公共卫生
- 城市规划和社会服务
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 城市老年人护理的资源分配和服务差异挑战了公众服务的公平性.
- 经典的"5A"理论为服务评估提供了一个框架,但它在快速老龄化的社会中的应用是有限的.
- 城市老年人护理系统面临着在负担能力,资源分配和服务不匹配方面面临的独特挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一个全面的框架来评估城市环境中的基本老年人护理服务 (BECS).
- 解决现有护理系统中负担能力,心理护理和服务响应能力的关键差距.
- 提供可复制的模型,以提高老年人护理在老龄化社会中的可访问性和公平性.
主要方法:
- 在2023年基于网络的横截面研究中,利用了基于"5A"理论的多相方法.
- 专家咨询 (德尔菲方法) 和重法精制和加权指标.
- 在中国西安进行的实证验证,涉及438名老年人,并使用模糊综合评估 (FCE) 来评估可访问性.
主要成果:
- 构建了一个全面的BECS评估框架,包括5个维度,14个二级和37个三级指标.
- 在西安的实证验证表明了该框架的科学严谨性和实际适用性.
- 虽然空间可访问性强 (3.8815),但在负担能力 (3.1347) 和心理护理 (3.0862) 中发现了关键差距.
结论:
- 一个新的框架有效地评估了老年人护理的可访问性,突出了负担能力和心理支持的差异.
- 经验结果证实了该框架对城市老龄化社会的实用性和相关性.
- 建议采用"匹配-实现-满意度"途径,以增强服务提供和优化老年人护理中的可访问性.
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