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伊利诺伊州的社会脆弱性和喘相关的紧急医疗服务
Sarah Dee Geiger1, M Omar Khaium1, Evan M Gustafson1,2
1Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.
Frontiers in public health
|March 13, 2025
概括
社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 与伊利诺伊州成人和儿童中更高的喘紧急医疗服务 (EMS) 率有关. 增加的SVI与更大的喘紧急护理需求相关,特别是在COVID-19大流行期间.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 喘恶化经常需要紧急医疗服务 (EMS).
- 社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 确定了更容易受到灾害影响的社区.
- 了解SVI与喘相关的EMS利用之间的关系对于公共卫生准备至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 与与喘相关的紧急医疗服务 (EMS) 率之间的关联.
- 为了比较这些协会在伊利诺伊州各县的COVID-19大流行前和期间.
- 确定有助于喘相关EMS利用的特定SVI主题.
主要方法:
- 使用来自伊利诺伊州的县级数据,采用了生态研究设计.
- 成人和儿童与喘相关的EMS访问率从2018年到2021年计算出来.
- 用皮尔森的相关性和负二项式回归,调整为农村地区,用于分析SVI协会.
主要成果:
- 与喘相关的EMS率在成年人中增加 (每1000人中有23.1至28.9),但从2018年至2021年在儿童中减少 (每1000人中有5.9至5).
- 总体SVI的1%增加与成人EMS率的近两倍增长和儿童EMS率的更大增长有关,无论是在疫情前还是疫情期间.
- 社会经济地位,住房类型和SVI的运输主题始终显示出与喘EMS率的关联.
结论:
- 较高的社会脆弱性指数得分与成人和儿童中喘相关的紧急医疗服务利用率的增加有显著联系.
- 调查结果强调,在灾难期间导致社区脆弱性的因素也与急需紧急喘护理的需求增加有关.
- 针对SVI组件的有针对性的干预措施可能有助于减轻与喘相关的紧急医疗负担.
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