四次纪晚期巨型动物灭绝:人类世时代的生态系统管理模式,原因,生态后果和影响
Jens-Christian Svenning1, Rhys T Lemoine1, Juraj Bergman1
1Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO) & Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Cambridge prisms. Extinction
|March 13, 2025
概括
在过去的5万年中,大型物种 (巨型动物) 的灭绝主要是由人类的压力驱动的,而不是气候变化. 大型动物群的消失深刻地改变了生态系统,强调了需要进行保护和恢复工作的必要性.
科学领域:
- 古生物学和古生态学.
- 四分学科学 四分学科学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 陆地脊椎动物群体在四分纪晚期 (大约5万年前) 经历了大量大型物种 (巨型动物) 的损失.
- 这次灭绝事件是独一无二的,因为它具有强大的尺寸偏差,影响了全球的大草食动物和其他大型脊椎动物.
- 目前正在进行的辩论是将原因归因于气候变化与人类活动.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合证据,以气候和人类造成的四分期后期巨型动物灭绝的原因.
- 评估这些灭绝的生态系统后果.
- 讨论人类时代对保护和修复的含义.
主要方法:
- 审查和综合现有关于灭绝模式,时间和潜在驱动因素的证据.
- 对气候和人类影响的全球和微小空间时间,机械学证据的评估.
- 分析生态系统的变化,由巨型动物的损失造成的.
主要成果:
- 气候作为全球或区域灭绝模式的主要驱动因素的支持很少.
- 强有力的和越来越多的证据表明人类的压力,可能包括先智者原始人,作为主要原因.
- 大型动物灭绝导致生态系统结构和功能发生了深刻的变化.
结论:
- 晚期四分期巨型动物的灭绝代表了早期的大规模,由人类驱动的环境转型,是人类世的前身.
- 通过热带复原恢复大野生动物的恢复可以对生物多样性产生积极影响.
- 了解这些过去的灭绝情况,为当前的保护策略提供了信息.
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