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超细颗粒与老年人发病性痴呆症之间的联系
Qiao Zhu1, Yan-Ling Deng1, Yang Liu1
1Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|March 13, 2025
概括
超细颗粒 (UFPs) 的暴露与老年人患阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 的风险增加有关. 这种风险在患有并发症和农村地区的人群中更高,这表明UFPs是神经毒剂.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 与痴呆症有关,但对超细颗粒物 (UFPs,<100 nm) 的神经毒性了解较少.
- 与较大的PM2.5.5相比,UFP具有独特的物理化学特性,可能会产生更大的毒性.
- 关于UFP暴露与阿尔茨海默氏症和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 风险之间的特定关联的证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查暴露于超细颗粒 (UFPs) 与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 的发生率之间的关联.
- 为了评估与UFP相关的痴呆症风险,在美国的一大群老年人中.
- 探索UFP与痴呆症相关的潜在改变因素,如并发症和地理位置 (城市与农村).
主要方法:
- 用美国65岁以上受益人 (2018-2020) 的医疗保险数据来计算AD和ADRD发病率.
- 从2017年开始,对居住在连接美国的参与者进行了评估的邮政代码级UFP暴露数据.
- 采用考克斯的比例危险模型来估计AD和ADRD的危险比率 (HRs),调整为并发症.
主要成果:
- 在较高的UFP暴露和AD和ADRD风险增加之间发现了显著的关联.
- 每次UFP暴露的四分位数间范围增加都与2.6%更高的AD风险 (HR: 1.026) 和1.6%更高的ADRD风险 (HR: 1.016) 相关.
- 这种关联在患有并发病的人群中更强烈,在农村地区比城市地区更高.
结论:
- 超细颗粒 (UFP) 被确定为重要的神经毒剂,有助于老年人痴呆风险.
- 研究结果强调,需要制定公共卫生战略,以减轻UFP的暴露,特别是对弱势群体的暴露.
- 该研究表明,污染源的地理差异可能会影响与UFPs相关的痴呆风险.
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