该地区的社会经济地位,接种疫苗的机会和女性人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种
Emiko Oka1,2, Megumi Okada3, Yoshiko Ikuno4
1Department of Medical Statistics, Research and Development Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan.
JAMA network open
|March 13, 2025
概括
更高的社会经济地位和更好地获得医疗设施与大阪市的人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种率的增加有关. 需要有针对性的干预措施来减少HPV疫苗接种差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 接种疫苗的地理不平等阻碍了针对性的社区干预.
- 日本人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种率的差异尚未得到充分了解.
- 识别社会经济和与接入有关的差异对于改善HPV疫苗接种覆盖率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查邻里社会经济地位 (SES) 和获得医疗设施与日本大阪市女孩的累积HPV疫苗接种之间的关联.
- 确定地理区域的HPV疫苗接种率较低,可能需要基于社区的干预措施.
- 为减少HPV疫苗接种差异的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的,横截面研究,利用大阪市 (2013-2022) 的HPV疫苗接种数据.
- 该研究包括1997年至2010年间出生的女孩,包括HPV疫苗接种资格的总人口.
- 使用区域贫困指数 (ADI) 评估了社区的社会经济状况,并通过提供HPV疫苗接种的医疗设施的近距离来衡量接入.
主要成果:
- 共有185,373名女孩符合条件,其中10.1%接受了至少一剂HPV疫苗.
- 贫困程度最低 (SES较高) 的地区的女孩,与最贫困地区 (9.0%) 的女孩相比,累计接种HPV疫苗的比例更高 (11.6%).
- 医疗设施的更高接入率也与累积的HPV疫苗接种率更高有关 (10.7%在高接入率地区,9.3%在低接入率地区).
结论:
- 更高的社区社会经济地位和更好地获得医疗设施与增加的累积HPV疫苗接种率有显著的关联.
- 研究结果表明,需要采取社会生态方法和有针对性的策略,以解决和减少HPV疫苗接种方面的差异.
- 在SES较低和疫苗接种机会有限的地区,以改善HPV免疫率,基于社区的干预措施可能是必不可少的.
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