脆弱性指数方法来识别药房沙漠和关键石药房
Walter S Mathis1, Lucas A Berenbrok2, Peter A Kahn3
1Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
JAMA network open
|March 13, 2025
概括
数以百万计的美国人生活在药房沙漠,特别是在农村地区. 一个新的药房脆弱性指数突出了风险地区,强调了需要采取政策干预措施,以确保平等获得基本药房服务的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
- 地理信息系统 (GIS) 分析分析
背景情况:
- 社区药房对公共卫生至关重要,提供诸如药物发行和疫苗接种等服务.
- 药房接入的不平等不成比例地影响着服务不足的农村和低收入人口,影响着健康公平.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个新的药房脆弱性指数,以确定美国有成为药房沙漠风险的地区.
- 分析药店接入的地理差异,并确定弱势群体.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的横截面研究,使用美国社区药房数据的地理信息系统 (GIS) 分析.
- 定义了药房沙漠,基于距离最近的药房的行程时间超过超市入口时间.
- 开发了一种药房脆弱性指数,以量化人口普查区成为药房沙漠的风险.
主要成果:
- 17.7%的连续美国人口 (571万个人) 居住在药房沙漠.
- 8.9%的人口 (28.9百万) 依靠单一的药房来获得药品.
- 小农村地区对单一药房的依赖程度更高,影响了这些地区14.3%的个人.
结论:
- 在美国,药房准入的差异很大,特别是在小农村地区.
- 人口的很大一部分生活在药房沙漠中,或依赖单一的药房.
- 包括财政激励在内的有针对性的政策干预对于维持处于风险地区的药房和确保公平获取至关重要.
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