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植物性饮食和慢性病:系统性审查和元分析
Zihan Dang1, Yifan He2, Ruiqian Xie3
1Department of Health Studies & Applied Educational Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York.
概括
植物性饮食 (PBD) 显著降低患慢性病 (CKD) 的风险. 较高的PBD摄入量显示出剂量依赖的保护作用,特别是健康的PBD选择.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 是一个主要的全球健康问题.
- 饮食干预对于预防和治疗CKD至关重要.
- 植物性饮食 (PBD) 在脏健康中的作用需要全面评估.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析PBD对CKD的影响.
- 评估PBD采用与CKD发病率,进展和死亡率之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Embase的系统文献搜索 (开始至2023年8月).
- 使用随机效应模型来估计几率比率 (OR) 和95%置信区间 (CI) 的元分析.
- 在PROSPERO.中预先注册元分析.
主要成果:
- 121,927名参与者 (年龄在18-74岁之间),平均随访时间为11.2年.
- 采用PBD与CKD发病率降低25%的风险相关 (OR=0.75,95% CI [0.65-0.86]).
- 在较高的PBD摄入量 (OR=0.92 [0.86-0.98]和OR=0.88 [0.82-0.93]) 观察到的CKD风险的剂量依赖性降低.
- 经过调整后的分析证实了PBD具有显著的保护作用 (OR=0.86 [0.79-0.93]).
结论:
- 植物性饮食与26%较低的CKD发病率显著相关.
- 较高的PBD摄入量表明与降低CKD风险和进展缓慢的剂量依赖关系.
- 健康的PBD提供脏保护,而不健康的PBD可能不会提供相同的好处.
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