父母疫苗接种决策和有限理性的随机游戏
1School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, Texas, USA.
Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE
|March 14, 2025
概括
父母对儿童疫苗接种的决定受到社会规范和感知变化的影响,偏离了纯粹的理性. 随机模型显示,这些因素有助于有限的理性,影响接种疫苗.
科学领域:
- 数学建模的数学建模
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 疫苗接种对于预防疾病至关重要,但犹和拒绝会给公共卫生带来重大挑战.
- 父母对儿童免疫接种的决定往往受到超出纯理性的计算范围的因素的影响.
- 社会规范和对风险和收益的波动感知可能导致偏离最佳决策.
研究的目的:
- 模拟社会规范和随机观念对父母疫苗接种决策的影响.
- 探索这些因素如何导致疫苗接种选择中的有限理性.
- 调查潜在的干预措施,如最佳控制,以减轻有限理性的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发一个数学模型,将易受感染恢复 (SIR) 框架与随机复制器方程相结合.
- 包括独立的白噪声来表示家长的实用感知和疾病传播率的随机波动.
- 应用随机最佳控制来评估旨在降低疫苗接种成本的干预措施.
主要成果:
- 该模型表明,实用函数和疾病传播率的随机性导致了纯理性模型无法预测的新兴行为.
- 将随机影响纳入其中,准确地反映了人类在接种疫苗方面的决策过程中所观察到的有限理性.
- 社会规范和噪音作为双重影响,其影响取决于有限的理性程度.
结论:
- 随机建模为了解疫苗接种决策动态提供了更现实的框架.
- 通过诸如降低成本之类的干预措施来解决有限的理性,可能是改善疫苗接种覆盖率的必要条件.
- 社会影响和个体感知变化的相互作用在疫苗接种计划的公共卫生策略中至关重要.
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