在有SARS-CoV-2传播的医疗机构进行暴露后检测:快速审查
Emmanuel E Effa1, Okokon Ita2, Joshua Mwankon3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Journal of public health in Africa
|March 14, 2025
概括
这次审查没有发现严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 在医疗机构爆发期间测试的有效性. 为了评估测试策略,需要使用可靠数据进行进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健管理的管理
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 在医疗机构的爆发对感染控制构成重大挑战.
- 暴露后检测是管理在医疗机构内的SARS-CoV-2传播的潜在策略.
研究的目的:
- 评估SARS-CoV-2测试在医疗机构爆发期间对健康结果的影响.
- 综合现有关于测试策略在控制感染传播方面的有效性证据.
主要方法:
- 进行了快速系统审查,从2019年12月到2022年8月搜索数据库.
- 包括的研究来自熟练的护理机构,癌症中心和老年精神病医院.
- 偏差风险使用修改后的纽卡斯尔-太华尺度进行评估,证据确定性使用GRADE方法进行分级.
主要成果:
- 没有研究符合评估测试有效性的纳入标准;然而,包括了八篇非比较性报告 (案例系列).
- 在居民/患者中,SARS-CoV-2感染的综合流行率为38%,在暴露的医疗保健工作者中为12% (确定性证据非常低).
- 综合死亡率和住院率分别为17%和24% (证据确定性非常低).
结论:
- 目前还没有确定的证据支持或反驳在医疗机构中SARS-CoV-2爆发期间使用测试.
- 用基线和后续数据进行精心设计的前后研究是有效评估测试策略的必要条件.
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