在安静和喧的环境下,语境影响对年轻人,中年人和老年人的词汇语调分类产生影响
Fei Chen1, Chen Kuang1, Liping Wang1
1School of Foreign Languages, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|March 14, 2025
概括
词汇音调识别在老年人中是强大的,即使有认知衰退,但噪音会破坏上下文效应. 工作记忆影响老年人的音调正常化.
科学领域:
- 语音感知 语音感知
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
背景情况:
- 以前关于词汇语调识别的研究集中在安静环境中的健康年轻人身上.
- 对于老龄化和认知衰退如何影响在杂环境中的词汇音调处理的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查前文本 (F0转移) 对不同年龄组的词汇语调识别的影响.
- 在安静和杂的听力条件下检查这些效应,考虑轻度认知障碍 (MCI).
主要方法:
- 针对MCI的年轻人,中年人和老年人,使用语音识别任务,包括和不包括语音上下文.
- 实验是在安静和杂的噪声下进行的,信号与噪声比 (SNR) 为5dB和0dB.
- 评估了老年人工作记忆能力和词汇语调正常化之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 语境F0线索在安静条件下同样影响了所有年龄组的词汇音调正常化.
- 噪声在5dB和0dB的SNR中消除了对音调正常化的上下文影响.
- 在老年人群中,工作记忆和词汇语调正常化大小之间发现了负相关性.
结论:
- 对普通话音调正常化的上下文影响通常对衰老和轻微的认知障碍有抵抗力.
- 这些上下文效应很容易受到语噪音的干扰.
- 研究结果提供了关于语音正常化的认知机制的见解,特别是在老化和听力受损方面.
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