相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 16, 2025
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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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为患有慢性脏疾病的人处方体育活动和炼:全球脏炼网络的实用指南
Thomas J Wilkinson1,2, Brett Tarca3, Courtney J Lightfoot1,4
1NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom.
概括
身体活动和炼对于慢性病 (CKD) 患者至关重要. 改善医疗保健提供者的教育和定制运动处方可以增加患者的身体活动 (PA) 并改善结果.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 身体活动 (PA) 和炼对健康至关重要,对于慢性病 (CKD) 患者来说,这些活动具有既定的益处.
- 尽管有证据,CKD患者往往由于医疗保健提供者对PA的知识和信心有限而保持不活跃.
- 加强脏病医疗保健提供者的教育,资源和培训对于改善CKD的PA管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 概述成功的PA的关键组成部分,并在CKD中执行处方.
- 解决影响CKD患者PA的障碍和促进因素.
- 通过实践示例,在CKD各个阶段展示量身定制的运动处方.
主要方法:
- 审查关于PA和CKD中炼现有证据.
- 讨论在CKD中对PA的障碍和促进者的讨论.
- 开发一个框架,用于PA历史记录和炼处方.
- 对于不同CKD阶段的运动处方的说明性示例.
主要成果:
- 有效的PA处方需要正确的"剂量",定位和定期审查,类似于药理疗法.
- 减少久坐不动的行为和增加每日血压可带来显著的健康益处.
- 根据个人CKD患者量身定制运动"剂量"对于坚持和安全至关重要.
结论:
- 在CKD中优化PA需要改进提供者教育,工具和资源.
- 考虑个体需求和CKD阶段的结构化的处方方法可以提高可访问性和有效性.
- 将PA推广纳入CKD管理是改善患者治疗结果的关键.
相关概念视频
01:15Renal Drug Excretion: Overview
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As primary excretory organs, the kidneys maintain homeostasis by removing waste substances from the bloodstream. They comprise over a million units called nephrons, which serve as the kidney's functional units.
A nephron consists of two primary structures: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus, a network of capillaries where the first step of renal excretion, glomerular filtration, occurs. Blood pressure forces water, ions, and small molecules...
A nephron consists of two primary structures: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus, a network of capillaries where the first step of renal excretion, glomerular filtration, occurs. Blood pressure forces water, ions, and small molecules...
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01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
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In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
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01:17Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
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Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
63
01:02Renal Drug Excretion: Glomerular Filtration
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The kidney serves as the primary organ responsible for eliminating drugs and their metabolites from the body. This process, known as renal elimination, starts with glomerular filtration and results in urine formation. Each kidney houses millions of functional units called nephrons, where urine production occurs. A nephron has two main components: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
Drugs gain access to the kidney via the renal artery, which progressively branches off into afferent arterioles....
Drugs gain access to the kidney via the renal artery, which progressively branches off into afferent arterioles....
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01:29Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
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Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
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01:25Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Reabsorption
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Tubular reabsorption, a process occurring post-glomerular filtration of drugs in the renal tubule, is a critical determinant of drug half-life. During the process of renal excretion, as the glomerular filtrate progresses to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), drugs that are highly permeable, lipophilic, and nonionized undergo passive reabsorption from the tubular fluid into the surrounding peritubular capillaries. This reabsorption process restricts their elimination through the kidneys. This...
138