不同绿色空间指标对城市心血管疾病发病率的影响:比较分析
Ruoyu Dong1, Hong Yuan2, Gang Xu3
1School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
概括
城市绿地,特别是正常化差异植被指数 (NDVI) 和街景绿地 (SVG),显著降低了心血管疾病 (CVD) 的风险. 年轻人受益最多,突出了城市规划中可访问的绿色植被对预防心血管疾病的重要性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球主要的死亡原因.
- 城市绿色空间被认为具有减轻心血管疾病风险的潜力,但对特定指标的证据仍然没有确定性.
- 了解不同类型的绿色空间与心血管疾病发病率之间的关系对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较三个不同的绿色空间指标与心血管疾病发病率之间的关联.
- 研究基于街景的绿色空间 (SVG),正常化差异植被指数 (NDVI),绿色覆盖率 (GCR) 和CVD住院患者之间的空间关系.
- 通过年龄和性别来探索这些关联的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用了36504个CVD住院记录的大数据集,包括中国京州 (2017-2022) 的确切住所地址.
- 采用地理加权回归 (GWR) 模型来分析绿色空间指标与心血管疾病发病率之间的人口层次关联.
- 评估了NDVI,SVG和GCR对心血管疾病风险的影响,考虑了年龄和性别等人口因素.
主要成果:
- 在NDVI和CVD发病率 (β = -8.57) 和SVG和CVD发病率 (β = -1.64) 之间发现了显著的负相关性.
- 与SVG相比,NDVI证明了对心血管疾病的更实质性的保护作用.
- 没有观察到GCR和心血管疾病发病率之间的显著关系 (p=0.161). 保护作用因年龄而异,年轻人显示出更大的益处,SVG在65岁以上的人中没有显著关系.
结论:
- 城市绿地的存在和质量,特别是NDVI和SVG,是预防心血管疾病的重要因素.
- 城市规划应优先考虑住宅区内可访问的植被,而不是遥远的绿色设施,以最大限度地降低心血管疾病风险.
- 有针对性的绿地干预措施可能对特定年龄组更有效,这表明需要细微的城市设计策略.
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