繁殖史和转录因子水平驱动直接转化到运动神经元
Nathan B Wang1, Brittany A Lende-Dorn1, Adam M Beitz1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Cell systems
|March 14, 2025
概括
我们开发了一种高效的系统,将纤维细胞转化为运动神经元. 细胞增殖史和转录因子水平共同推动这种细胞身份转换.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
背景情况:
- 直接细胞转化对于再生医学至关重要,但往往是低效的和不太了解.
- 转录因子 (TF) 是细胞身份的关键调节者,但它们在直接转换中的确切作用是复杂的.
- 转换的随机性质限制了我们研究底层机制的能力.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种高效的系统,直接将纤维细胞转化为运动神经元.
- 研究细胞增殖和转录因子水平在决定细胞命运中的协同作用.
- 阐明扩散历史,TF表达和转换效率之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个定制的,高效的转换系统,以增加纤维细胞到运动神经元的转换率100倍.
- 通过使用最少的一组转录来最小化外部变化.
- 控制了繁殖史和标位的个体转录因子水平.
- 基于增殖史和Ngn2表达水平的分离细胞.
主要成果:
- 建立了一个系统,实现直接纤维细胞转化为运动神经元的100倍增加.
- 证明细胞增殖史显著影响细胞如何解释转录因子水平.
- 发现转换效率与开拓者TF Ngn2水平相关,但仅仅Ngn2不足以进行预测.
- 表明,扩散历史和TF水平的结合推动了直接转换.
结论:
- 直接细胞转化效率是由细胞增殖史和转录因子水平之间的相互作用决定的.
- 成人人体纤维细胞的优化增殖率可以产生高比例的成熟诱导运动神经元.
- 这项工作为研究细胞命运可塑性和推进再生疗法提供了一个强大的平台.
相关概念视频
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
2.2K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.2K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
1.8K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.8K
Combinatorial Gene Control
8.3K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
8.3K
Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts
4.7K
De novo myogenesis, or the formation of muscle fibers, begins during the early embryonic stages. The skeletal muscle is formed from somites– blocks of embryonic cell layers. The somites are further divided into dermatomes, myotomes, sclerotomes, and syndetomes. Among these, the myotomes give rise to muscle fibers.
Muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) are formed from the myotomes. MPCs express genes that encode the transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7. Along with Pax 3/7, other transcription...
Muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) are formed from the myotomes. MPCs express genes that encode the transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7. Along with Pax 3/7, other transcription...
4.7K
Forced Transdifferentiation
1.9K
Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial...
Artificial...
1.9K
Master Transcription Regulators
6.8K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
6.8K


