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在露天矿山的大片高废弃物倾倒坡道的灾难机制和控制技术的研究
Hongtao Mu1,2
1General Prospecting and Research Institute of China National Administration of Coal Geology, Beijing, 100071, China. muhongtao1129@163.com.
Scientific reports
|March 15, 2025
概括
露天采矿的垃圾填埋场对稳定性构成风险,特别是在由粘土组成的斜坡上. 加强监测和维护至关重要,因为这些垃圾填埋场越来越大,以防止潜在的故障.
科学领域:
- 地质技术工程 地质技术工程
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
- 环境地质 环境地质学
背景情况:
- 垃圾填埋场是开采采矿的组成部分,包括挖掘的地表土壤和岩石.
- 外部倾倒场往往占据了广泛的土地面积,其中一些超过美国和俄罗斯等国家的总采矿场面积的一半.
- 这些垃圾填埋场的稳定性是运营安全和环境影响的关键问题.
研究的目的:
- 调查位于西省东邦地区某一垃圾填埋场的坡度稳定性.
- 确定导致废弃物倾倒坡道不稳定的因素.
- 为改善垃圾填埋场管理和安全提供建议.
主要方法:
- 使用数值计算来评估斜坡的稳定性.
- 使用了摩擦实验和类似的模拟方法.
- 分析的重点是特定的斜坡段,包括东坡的1290级和1260平台.
主要成果:
- 在东坡的1290级和1260级平台下发现坡度稳定性不佳.
- 斜坡主要由紧的泥土粘土组成,当暴露在水中时容易破裂和滑动.
- 虽然整体坡度稳定性目前被认为基本稳定,但增加高度需要加强监督.
结论:
- 废弃物倾倒坡道的稳定性,特别是那些由泥土组成的废弃物倾倒坡道,仍然是一个严重的问题.
- 倾倒高度的增加需要加强监测和潜在的差距封闭,以减轻风险.
- 需要进一步研究垃圾填埋场倾斜失效的机制.
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