了解自闭症儿童和青少年的决策:从审议过程和行为经济范式的见解
Farah Ghosn1,2,3, Manuel Perea2,4, Marta Lizarán1,2
1Health Research Institute La Fe, Spain.
Autism : the international journal of research and practice
|March 15, 2025
概括
自闭症儿童和青少年在经济游戏中做出更少自私的报价,与公平性和执行功能技能相关的决策速度更慢. 这表明有意识的推理驱动了他们的亲社会行为.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 关于自闭症和非自闭症个体之间的决策差异存在相互矛盾的发现.
- 以前的研究往往忽视了决策的基础认知过程,只关注结果.
研究的目的:
- 通过经济游戏研究自闭症和非自闭症年轻人的明确和隐性决策行为.
- 探索这些群体中执行职能与决策过程之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用最后通和独裁者游戏来评估货币提议的接受率和提议概率.
- 测量响应时间,以区分直观和深思熟虑的决策.
- 管理执行功能问卷以评估认知能力.
主要成果:
- 与非自闭症同龄人相比,自闭症参与者在独裁者游戏中提出的自私报价较少.
- 在接受/提出自私的报价时,自闭症参与者观察到反应时间较慢.
- 自闭症参与者更好的执行功能技能与更低的自私报价倾向相关.
结论:
- 自闭症个体表现出不同的决策模式,其特点是自私报价的可能性降低,推理速度较慢,更深思熟虑.
- 自闭症青少年的决策速度较慢可能反映出对公平性和社会道德考虑的高度关注.
- 这些发现挑战了关于决策效率的假设,并突出了故意思考在亲社会行为的作用.
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