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拒绝捐赠心脏的原因通常与捐赠者本身无关 - - 什么时候,为什么,以及"周末效应"

Brian Wayda¹, Helen Luikart², Yingjie Weng³

¹Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.

The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation

|March 15, 2025

概括

近四分之一的捐赠心脏被拒绝,原因与捐赠者无关. 捐赠者评估,特别是在周末,涉及主观因素,需要进一步调查,以改善心脏移植率.

科学领域:

移植手术移植手术
器官捐赠器官捐赠器官捐赠器官捐赠器官捐赠器官捐赠器官捐赠器官捐赠器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器官捐献器
心脏病学心脏病学

背景情况:

在美国,为心脏移植 (HT) 提供的大多数捐赠心脏都被拒绝.
了解与捐赠者无关的拒绝原因对于改善器官利用至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查心脏供应拒绝与捐赠者无关的原因的普遍性和性质.
检查拒绝原因和报价时间 (周末与周日) 之间的关联.

主要方法:

捐赠者心脏研究 (DHS) 在2015-2020年间调查了4,333名成年潜在心脏捐赠者.
心脏移植中心提供了拒绝报价的原因,分为18个不同的与捐赠者无关的因素.
统计分析评估了流行率和时间趋势,包括周末/周日差异.

主要成果:

与捐赠者无关的原因占拒绝报价的24.3%.
受理者问题是最常见的与捐赠者无关的原因 (7%),而资源问题很少 (<1%).
一些原因,比如"已经考虑另一份报价"和"距离太远",在2018年后增加;与捐赠者有关的原因在周末更频繁.

结论:

很大一部分捐赠心脏的拒绝来自与捐赠者无关的因素.
观察到某些拒绝理由的"周末占主导地位"表明,在捐赠者评估中存在主观因素,需要进一步研究.

关键词:

供体选择供体选择心脏移植心脏移植手术

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