儿科资源的地理空间可访问性根据儿童的机会,种族和民族组成以及城市化程度
Emily M Bucholz1, R Thomas Day2, Rohan Khazanchi3
1Department of Pediatrics (EM Bucholz), University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colo; Section of Cardiology (EM Bucholz), Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colo.
Academic pediatrics
|March 15, 2025
概括
远离儿科护理的儿童往往有较少的资源,生活在农村地区. 这凸显了弱势群体获得基本医疗保健服务的差异.
科学领域:
- 儿童获得医疗保健的机会和差距
- 地理空间健康分析
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 获得儿科住院和重症监护服务对于儿童健康结果至关重要.
- 现有研究表明,地理和社会经济因素影响医疗保健的获取.
- 整合护理可能会加剧现有的接入挑战.
研究的目的:
- 分析美国儿科住院和重症监护室 (PICU) 的行车时间.
- 评估驾驶时间如何与儿童机会指数 (COI),种族/民族组成和城市化相关.
- 识别儿童重症监护服务获取的差异.
主要方法:
- 地理空间分析以划分带有儿科和PICU床位的医院周围的驱动时间流域.
- 计算人口加权的COI,代表性不足的种族/民族人口的百分比 (%UR),以及每个流域的城市化.
- 基于COI,%UR和城市化使用流行率的驾驶时间 (>60分钟 vs. ≤60分钟) 的比较.
主要成果:
- 8.1%的儿童距离儿科住院服务>60分钟,20.5%距离PICU服务>60分钟.
- 低COI地区和农村地区的儿童更有可能经历更长的驾驶时间到达这些服务.
- 在60分钟内获得护理的流域中,%UR更高,这表明服务不足的人群面临更长的旅行距离.
结论:
- 居住在远离儿科护理的儿童往往有较少的社会经济资源,生活在农村地区.
- 这些发现凸显了获得关键儿科医疗保健服务的巨大差异.
- 数据可以为公共卫生战略提供信息,以便在医疗整合期间公平分配资源.
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