神经系统的参与与儿童后期的执行功能水平有所不同:结构方程建模方法的证据来自青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究的数据
Brynn A Paulsen1, Naomi P Friedman1, Marie T Banich2
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|March 16, 2025
概括
在青少年中,更高的常见执行功能 (cEF) 与增加的前对对面网络 (FPN) 大脑激活相关. 这种关系持续了两年,这表明cEF支持FPN的发展.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 对于认知控制和决策至关重要.
- 青春期的大脑发育涉及前额叶皮层网络的显著变化.
- 了解大脑激活和EF之间的相互作用对于确定发育轨迹至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查大脑激活模式与青少年执行功能水平之间的关联.
- 检查前端对象网络 (FPN) 激活和常见执行功能 (cEF) 之间的纵向关系.
- 确定这些协会是不是专门针对cEF,独立于一般情报.
主要方法:
- 在青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究数据上使用结构方程模型.
- 使用fMRI在情绪N-背任务 (2vs0背状况) 中评估大脑激活.
- 在基线和2年随访时使用各种行为指标测量了常见的执行功能 (cEF).
主要成果:
- 面对对面的网络 (FPN) 区域的激活增加与更高的CEF有显著的关联.
- 人体运动区域的激活增加与cEF的反向关系.
- 即使在对一般情报进行控制后,这些关联仍然很重要,并且在两个时间点之间是一致的.
结论:
- 在童年后期较高的cEF水平可能有助于FPN的发展.
- 这表明cEF在认知控制网络的成熟中起着作用.
- 研究结果表明,增强执行功能的潜在途径导致关键大脑网络中的神经处理更有效.
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