在蜜蜂中糖和逆糖的不同加工方法
Ratko Pavlović1, Biljana Dojnov2, Marinela Šokarda Slavić2
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia.
Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology
|March 17, 2025
概括
与食糖 (SS) 的蜜蜂相比,食逆向糖 (IS) 的蜜蜂显示出更高的中肠糖化酶活性和更高的死亡率. 蜜蜂将IS糖加工成不同的糖成分和没有结晶的蜂蜜,但努力减少其含水量.
科学领域:
- 蜜蜂养殖和蜜蜂生理学
- 昆虫的营养和新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 用碳水化合物糖人工养蜜蜂是一种常见的养蜂做法.
- 糖糖 (SS) 和逆糖 (IS) 经常被用作蜜汁替代品.
- 了解不同糖对蜜蜂健康的生理影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较65%的糖糖 (SS) 和65%的逆糖 (IS) 糖对蜜蜂生存和酶活性的影响.
- 为了分析蜜蜂食不同糖的糖酶和酶活性.
- 为了比较SS和IS加工的"蜂蜜"的组成和特性.
主要方法:
- 中的蜜蜂被食SS或IS糖.
- 分析了蜜蜂头和中肠中的糖化酶活性.
- 储存的"蜂蜜" (基于糖糖的蜂蜜[SH]和基于逆糖的蜂蜜[IH]) 的成分使用果糖/葡萄糖比率和zymograms进行了比较.
- 评估了密度和结晶等物理性质.
主要成果:
- 在IS养蜜蜂的中肠中观察到更高的葡萄糖酶活性,这归因于剩余的酵母β-果糖酶.
- 与SH (60.84/39.16) 相比,储存的IH具有不同的果糖/葡萄糖比率 (48.49/51.51) ,与被养的IS.密切匹配.
- 在SH中检测到α-氨基酶,但在IH中没有检测到,这表明蜜蜂不会在IS中添加氨基酶.
- IH没有结晶,与SH不同.
- 在IH中含水量较高导致中肠/肠体重增加,并且与IS养蜜蜂 (第三周) 和SS养蜜蜂 (第四周) 的死亡率较高相关.
结论:
- 蜜蜂表现出不同的酶活性和糖糖的加工与逆糖糖相比.
- 逆糖糖在防止结晶的同时,在去除水分方面存在挑战,可能会影响蜜蜂生理和生存.
- 养蜂人应该考虑糖类型对蜜蜂健康的影响,特别是关于水资源管理和酶活性.
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