学习障碍学生的诊断标签对教师的刻板印象和绩效期望的影响
Linda Kashikar1, Timo Lüke2, Michael Grosche1
1University of Wuppertal, Germany.
Journal of learning disabilities
|March 17, 2025
概括
将学习障碍的学生标记为"特殊学习需求" (SLN) 或"学习障碍" (LD) 标签增加了教师对诊断的信念. 然而,标签对期望和意图的影响不同,LD降低了期望,SLN促进了它们.
科学领域:
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 特殊教育 特殊教育
- 教师的信仰 教师的信仰
背景情况:
- 给学生贴上学习挑战的标签可以影响教师的看法和期望.
- "差异困境"强调了认识到独特需求和避免耻辱之间的紧张关系.
- 了解"特殊学习需求" (SLN) 和"学习障碍" (LD) 等特定标签的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查SLN和LD标签是否影响教师对诊断准确性的信念.
- 检查这些标签是否激活了低能力的刻板印象.
- 确定刻板印象是否影响教师的绩效期望和教学意图.
主要方法:
- 413名普通和特殊教育教师被随机分配到控制 (没有标签) 或实验 (SLN/LD标签) 组.
- 参与者评估了一个虚构的学生有学习问题,在实验条件下使用标签.
- 收集关于诊断接受度,刻板印象激活,绩效期望和教学意图的数据.
主要成果:
- 无论是SLN和LD标签都显著增加了教师对诊断准确性的接受.
- 标签并没有激活低能力的刻板印象.
- LD标签降低了长期绩效预期,增加了特殊学校的建议;SLN标签意外地促进了学业绩效的意图.
结论:
- 标签影响教师接受诊断,但不一定是刻板印象.
- 不同的标签 (LD与SLN) 可能会对教师的期望和意图产生不同的影响.
- 调查结果强调了标签在教育中的"差异困境"框架内的复杂影响.
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