不同养方法与早产婴儿的支气管肺形症之间的关联:一项回顾性队列研究
Zhen Lin1, Wenhong Cai1, Shuidi Lin1
1Department of Neonatology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
概括
与配方奶粉相比,早产婴儿用母乳 (MOM) 或捐赠人乳 (DHM) 养显著降低支气管肺功能失调 (BPD) 和死角肠炎 (NEC) 的风险. DHM和MOM一样安全.
科学领域:
- 新生儿医学 新生儿医学
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 呼吸系统健康 呼吸系统健康
背景情况:
- 支气管肺功能障碍症 (BPD) 和死性肠球炎 (NEC) 是早产婴儿的重大疾病.
- 新生儿期早期的养习惯对于婴儿的结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期养方法 (母乳,捐赠人乳,配方) 与早产婴儿BPD发生率之间的关联.
- 评估这些养方法对其他新生儿疾病的影响,包括NEC,PVL,ROP和败血症.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性队列研究包括2023年3月至2024年2月期间入院的早产婴儿 (<32周妊娠或<1500克).
- 婴儿在出生后的前两周内根据其主要养方法 (MOM,DHM或配方) 分类.
- BPD发病率是主要结局,NEC,PVL,ROP和败血症作为次要结局.
主要成果:
- 与配方 (35%) (p=0.03) 相比,在被食MOM (22%) 和DHM (16%) 的婴儿中,BPD发生率明显较低.
- 与MOM和DHM相比,配方养与BPD的几率增加有关.
- 在MOM和DHM组 (7.15%,9.38%) 与配方 (20.21%) 相比,NEC发病率也明显较低 (p=0.016).
结论:
- 母乳和供体母乳都与早产婴儿BPD和NEC的风险降低有关.
- 捐赠母乳似乎是早产婴儿对母乳的安全有效替代品.
- 用母乳优化早期营养对于改善脆弱的早产人口的结果至关重要.
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