相关实验视频
Updated: May 22, 2025
09:29
Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Published on: January 9, 2015
15.4K
世界心理健康调查中的强迫症
Dan J Stein1, Ayelet Meron Ruscio2, Yasmin Altwaijri3
1University of Cape Town.
Research square
|March 17, 2025
概括
强迫症 (OCD) 影响全球4.1%的成年人,通常在成年早期开始,并且经常没有得到治疗,特别是在低收入国家. 早期诊断和治疗对于这种普遍的心理健康状况至关重要.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球心理健康全球心理健康
背景情况:
- 强迫症 (OCD) 被认为是严重的心理健康状况,但跨国数据,特别是来自低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs),是有限的.
- 现有的国家调查表明强迫症的流行程度和损害性质,突出需要更广泛的国际研究.
研究的目的:
- 通过世界心理健康调查的数据,在不同国家描述强迫症的发病,病程,严重程度和治疗.
- 调查强迫症发病,持续,严重程度和治疗的预测因素,包括社会人口统计学变量和先前的精神障碍.
主要方法:
- 利用来自10个国家的一般人口调查的数据,采用一致的研究方案和对26,136名成年人的面对面采访.
- 评估寿命和12个月的流行,发病年龄,持续性,严重程度 (使用耶鲁-布朗强迫症尺度),以及DSM-IV强迫症治疗率.
- 检查了社会人口统计学因素和先前的精神障碍作为潜在的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 在10个国家中,强迫症的综合终身患病率为4.1%,12个月患病率为3.0%,表明强迫症的持续过程.
- 强迫症通常在青春期或成年早期出现 (超过80%的病例),大多数社区病例是轻度至中度的.
- 治疗率总体较低 (19.8%),与高收入国家 (HICs) (40.5%) 相比,在LMICs (7.0%) 显着较低.
结论:
- 跨国数据显示,强迫症是一种普遍和持久的疾病,通常在生命早期开始,并且经常未得到充分治疗,特别是在LMICs.
- 强调强迫症的公共卫生重要性以及早期诊断,全面的并发症评估和改善治疗准入的必要性.
- 突出了不同国家的强迫症发病,持久性,严重程度和治疗的不同社会人口和精神病理风险因素.
相关概念视频
01:28Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
28
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
28
01:24Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive
32
Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
32
01:18Anxiety: Overview
236
Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
236
01:27Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
35
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
35
01:30Oppositional Defiant Disorder
22
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
22
01:27Panic Disorder
25
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
25